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(b) Homozygous and Heterozygous
| Homozygous | Heterozygous |
| It contains two similar alleles for a particular trait. | It contains two different alleles for a particular trait. |
| Genotype for homozygous possess either dominant or recessive, but never both the alleles. For example, RR or rr | Genotype for heterozygous possess both dominant and recessive alleles. For example, Rr |
| It produces only one type of gamete. | It produces two different kinds of gametes. |
(c) Monohybrid and Dihybrid.
| Monohybrid | Dihybrid |
| Monohybrid involves cross between parents, which differs in only one pair of contrasting characters. | Dihybrid involves cross between parents, which differs in two pairs of contrasting characters. |
| For example, the cross between tall and dwarf pea plant is a monohybrid cross. | For example, the cross between pea plants having yellow wrinkled seed with those having green round seeds is a dihybrid cross. |
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Posted on 11th Nov 2021 11:11:09 in
Question 2) Differentiate between the following –
(a) Dominance and Recessive
(b) Homozygous and Heterozygous
(c) Monohybrid and Dihybrid.
Ans:
(a) Dominance and Recessive
|
Dominance |
Recessive |
| A dominant factor or allele expresses itself in the presence or absence of a recessive trait. | A recessive trait is able to express itself only in the absence of a dominant trait. |
| For example, tall plant, round seed, violet flower, etc. are dominant characters in a pea plant. | For example, dwarf plant, wrinkled seed, white flower, etc. are recessive traits in a pea plant. |
(b) Homozygous and Heterozygous
| Homozygous | Heterozygous |
| It contains two similar alleles for a particular trait. | It contains two different alleles for a particular trait. |
| Genotype for homozygous possess either dominant or recessive, but never both the alleles. For example, RR or rr | Genotype for heterozygous possess both dominant and recessive alleles. For example, Rr |
| It produces only one type of gamete. | It produces two different kinds of gametes. |
(c) Monohybrid and Dihybrid.
| Monohybrid | Dihybrid |
| Monohybrid involves cross between parents, which differs in only one pair of contrasting characters. | Dihybrid involves cross between parents, which differs in two pairs of contrasting characters. |
| For example, the cross between tall and dwarf pea plant is a monohybrid cross. | For example, the cross between pea plants having yellow wrinkled seed with those having green round seeds is a dihybrid cross. |
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