Question 1: Explain the following (c) The Port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century.

Surat was the major port on the west coast of India in the pre-colonial (or 17th C) times, generating an annual turnover of Rupees 16 million annually. However by the end of 18th C, the port city faced decline mainly for the following reasons:

Question 1: Explain the following (c) The Port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century. - Hosting Precise

Posted on 11th Sep 2021 04:51:58 in

Question 1: Explain the following (c) The Port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century.

Ans:

Decline of Royal patronage (supports): Most of the ship building activity at Gujarat was promoted by the royal family of the Mughal Empire. The largest ships upto the capacity of 1000 tones were owned by Mughal princes and nobles. Because of the decline of the empire in the 2nd half of 18th century, the royal support to the port city also faded away.
Impact of foreign companies: The foreign companies monopolized Indian trade. Firstly they acquired tax free trading rights in many parts of India, which was disadvantageous for Indian traders. For example the British bought raw materials worth 25 lakhs from Gujarat, which make the Indian merchants dependent on the English. Secondly because of the naval superiority, the Dutch and English companies disallowed Indian ships and let only their own ships to carry goods from Surat. For example the number of ships at Surat declined from 112 in 1701 to 19 in 1741.
Establishment of British empire: The British after consolidating its power gave importance to ports like Calcutta and Bombay. For example they established Bombay. Marine – the Royal India Navy of India at Bombay which eclipsed the glamour of Surat.

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