Posted on 6th Sep 2021 02:49:47 in

Question 3 Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i) Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61?

Ans :

The use of land is determined both by physical factors such as topography, climate, soil types as well as human factors such as population density, technological capability and culture and traditions etc. The pattern of the net sown area varies greatly from one state to another. It is over 80 per cent of the total area in Punjab and Haryana and less than 10 per cent in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Andaman Nicobar Islands. Forest area in the country is far lower than the desired 33 per cent of geographical area, as it was outlined in the National Forest Policy (1952).

It was considered essential for the maintenance of the ecological balance. A part of the land is termed as wasteland and land put to other non-agricultural uses. Wasteland includes rocky, arid and desert areas and land put to other non-agricultural uses includes settlements, roads, railways, industry etc. Continuous use of land over a long period of time without taking appropriate measures to conserve and manage it has resulted in land degradation.

(ii) How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?

Ans:

Large scale production leads to over utilization of resources as more and more raw sources are required.

1. Large scale production-
2. Technological advancement led to greater exploitation of resources.
3. Technological development result into economic development. Therefore, needs of the people are increased equally, which led to more consumption of resources.
4. In developed nations the needs of the people are very high.
5. Improved medical and health resources led to huge consumption of resources.
6. Introduction of more developed machineries.